• Rodents are placed in an open box where total activity, discrete movements, distance traveled and rearing are measured.
• Sensitive to hippocampal damage, basal ganglia damage, and hindlimb dysfunction.
  
• Apparatus : cage, video tracking systems
  
• see : Activity
  

Tail Suspension

• Indicator of dysfunction in descending motor pathways. Orientation, direction of turning, and fore and hindlimb spasticity are evaluated.
  
• Apparatus : Tail suspension systems
  
• see :
  

Grid Walk Test

• Stride length, walking foot spread and resting foot spread are measured in this test of limb coordination. Especially sensitive to deficits in descending motor control.
  
• Apparatus :
  
• see :
  

Beam Walking

• Assessment of motor incoordination. Time required for an animal to pull itself into a balanced position on a narrow beam is recorded.
  
• 참고문헌 : ILAR Journal V44(2) 2003 by Larry B. Goldstein, Model of Recovery of Locomotor Ability After Sensorimotor Cortex Injury in Rats.
• Apparatus : The apparatus is constructed by elevating the surface of a 2.5 × 122 cm wooden beam 75 cm above the floor with wooden supports. A 20 × 25 × 24 cm goal box with a 9.5-cm opening is located at one end of the beam.
  
• see :
  

Rotarod

• Tests an animal's ability to remain on a rotating rod as the speed of rotation increases. Requires a high degree of sensorimotor coordination and is sensitive to damage in the basal ganglia and the cerebellum.
  
• Apparatus : rota-rod
  
• see : Rota-rod Treadmill
  

Grip Strength

• Forelimb and hindlimb muscle strength evaluated by the distance a bar on a strain gauge is pulled before paw-grip is released.
  
• Apparatus : Grip strength meter
  
• see : Grip Strength Meter
  

Landing Foot Spread

• Test of peripheral nerve damage (neuropathy). The animal is released from a height, and the distance between the hindfeet as the animal lands is recorded.
• Apparatus :
  
• see :